Care of the patient with invasive meningococcal disease by emergency medical service clinicians: a scoping review protocol
PDF

Keywords

ambulance
emergency medical services
meningitis
meningococcal disease
scoping review
sepsis

How to Cite

1.
Pearce J, Peters MD, May N, Marshall H, Hein C, Grantham H. Care of the patient with invasive meningococcal disease by emergency medical service clinicians: a scoping review protocol. Australasian Journal of Paramedicine [Internet]. 2019Apr.26 [cited 2023May28];160. Available from: https://ajp.paramedics.org/index.php/ajp/article/view/686

Abstract

Background

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a rare but potentially fatal disease. It can rapidly progress within minutes to hours and carries a significant burden of disease worldwide. The role of emergency medical service (EMS) clinicians in providing early care for the patient with IMD is important, but the literature regarding the pre-hospital phase of care is sparse.

Aim

The aim of this scoping review is to systematically map the literature to identify the scope, depth and key concepts in the evidence, and to identify gaps in knowledge regarding the care of the patient with IMD by EMS clinicians.

Methods

A comprehensive electronic search strategy will be used to locate sources of evidence that fit the inclusion criteria of the study. Data will be extracted, charted and reported in accordance with current best practice for scoping reviews.

Discussion

This protocol provides the framework for the first scoping review to identify the scope, depth and key concepts in the evidence, and to identify gaps in knowledge regarding the care of the patient with IMD by EMS clinicians. The review report will present the current state of knowledge, inform clinical practice guideline development and identify gaps in the evidence requiring further research.

Scoping review registration:The protocol for this scoping review was registered prospectively with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/z639u/).

https://doi.org/10.33151/ajp.16.686
PDF

References

Pace D, Pollard AJ. Meningococcal disease: clinical presentation and sequelae. Vaccine 2012;30(Suppl 2):B3-9.

Booy R, Habibi P, Nadel S, et al. Reduction in case fatality rate from meningococcal disease associated with improved healthcare delivery. Arch Dis Child 2001;85:386-90.

Wang B, Clarke M, Thomas N, Howell S, Afzali HHA, Marshall H. The clinical burden and predictors of sequelae following invasive meningococcal disease in Australian children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014;33:316-8.

Strifler L, Morris SK, Dang V, et al. The health burden of invasive meningococcal disease: a systematic review. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2016;5:417-30.

Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI). The Australian Immunisation Handbook. 10th edn. The Australian Immunisation Handbook. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Health; 2017.

Trotter CL, Maiden MCJ. Carriage and transmission of Neisseria meningitidis. In: Feavers I, Pollard AJ, Sadarangani M, editors. Handbook of Meningococcal Disease Management. Switzerland: Springer; 2016. p. 15-23.

Wertheim HFL, Horby P, Woodall JP. Atlas of Human Infectious Diseases. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012.

Trotter C, Ramsay M, Harrison L. Introduction and epidemiology of meningococcal disease. In: Feavers I, editor. Handbook of Meningococcal Disease Management. Switzerland: Springer; 2016. p. 1-14.

Hodgetts TJ, Brett A, Castle N. The early management of meningococcal disease. Emerg Med J 1998;15:72-6

Brandtzaeg P. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of invasive meningococcal disease. In: Frosch M, Maiden MCJ, editors. Handbook of Meningococcal Disease: Infection Biology, Vaccination, Clinical Management. Weinheim: Wiley; 2006. p. 427-80.

Dryden AW. Primary meningococcal conjunctivitis: an unusual case of transmission by saliva. Digit J Ophthalmol 2016;22:25-7.

Zeidan A, Tariq S, Faltas B, Urban M, McGrody K. A case of primary meningococcal pericarditis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serotype Y with rapid evolution into cardiac tamponade. J Gen Intern Med 2008;23:1532-5.

Communicable Diseases Network Australia. Invasive meningococcal disease: CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units. 2017.

Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:801-10.

Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1368-77.

Kumar A, Roberts D, Wood KE, et al. Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 2006;34:1589-96.

Gray A, Ward K, Lees F, Dewar C, Dickie S, McGuffie C. The epidemiology of adults with severe sepsis and septic shock in Scottish emergency departments. Emerg Med J 2013;30:397-401.

Smyth MA, Brace-McDonnell SJ, Perkins GD. Identification of adults with sepsis in the prehospital environment: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2016;6:e011218.

van der Wekken LCW, Alam N, Holleman F, van Exter P, Kramer MHH, Nanayakkara PWB. Epidemiology of sepsis and its recognition by emergency medical services personnel in the Netherlands. Prehospital Emerg Care 2016;20:90-6.

Lane D, Ichelson RI, Drennan IR, Scales DC. Prehospital management and identification of sepsis by emergency medical services: a systematic review. Emerg Med J 2016;33:408-13.

Nadel S. Treatment of meningococcal disease. J Adolesc Heal 2016;59:S21-8.

Thompson MJ, Ninis N, Perera R, et al. Clinical recognition of meningococcal disease in children and adolescents. Lancet 2006;367:397-403.

Sørensen HT, Møller-Petersen J, Krarup HB, Pedersen H, Hansen H, Hamburger H. Diagnostic problems with meningococcal disease in general practice. J Clin Epidemiol 1992;45:1289-93.

Hahné SJM, Charlett A, Purcell B, et al. Effectiveness of antibiotics given before admission in reducing mortality from meningococcal disease: systematic review. BMJ 2006;332:1299-303.

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Meningitis (bacterial) and meningococcal septicaemia in under 16s: recognition, diagnosis and management [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 May 13]. Available at: www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg102

Cartwright K, Reilly S, White D, Stuart J. Early treatment with parenteral penicillin in meningococcal disease. BMJ 1992;305:143-7.

Gossain S, Constantine CE, Webberley JM. Early parenteral penicillin in meningococcal disease. BMJ 1992;305:523-4.

Strang JR, Pugh EJ. Meningococcal infections: reducing the case fatality rate by giving penicillin before admission to hospital. BMJ 1992;305:141-3.

Harnden A, Ninis N, Thompson M, et al. Parenteral penicillin for children with meningococcal disease before hospital admission: case-control study. BMJ 2006;332:1295-8.

Sørensen HT, Nielsen GL, Schønheyder HC, et al. Outcome of pre-hospital antibiotic treatment of meningococcal disease. J Clin Epidemiol 1998;51:717-21.

Nørgård B. Pre-hospital parenteral antibiotic treatment of meningococcal disease and case fatality: a Danish population-based cohort study. J Infect 2002;45:144-51.

Munn Z, Peters MDJ, Stern C, Tufanaru C, McArthur A, Aromataris E. Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018;18:143.

Grant MJ, Booth A. A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Heal Inf Libr J 2009;26:91-108.

Khalil H, Peters M, Godfrey CM, McInerney P, Soares CB, Parker D. An evidence-based approach to scoping reviews. Worldviews Evidence-Based Nurs 2016;13:118-23.

Arksey H, O’Malley L. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. Int J Soc Res Methodol 2005;8:19-32.

Levac D, Colquhoun H, O’Brien KK. Scoping studies: advancing the methodology. Implement Sci 2010;5:69.

Daudt HML, van Mossel C, Scott SJ. Enhancing the scoping study methodology: a large, inter-professional team’s experience with Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. BMC Med Res Methodol 2013;13:1.

Peters MDJ, Godfrey CM, Khalil H, et al. Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews. Int J Evid Based Healthc 2015;13:141-6.

Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med 2018;169:467.

Peters MDJ, Godfrey C, McInerney P, et al. Scoping reviews. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual. The Joanna Briggs Institute; 2017. Available at: https://reviewersmanual.joannabriggs.org/

Open Science Framework. OSF Home. 2018 [cited 2018 Sep 24]. Available from: https://osf.io/dashboard

Sudarsanam TD, Rupali P, Tharyan P, Abraham OC, Thomas K. Pre-admission antibiotics for suspected cases of meningococcal disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017;(6).

Smyth M, Brace-McDonnell S, Perkins G. Impact of prehospital care on outcomes in sepsis: a systematic review. West J Emerg Med 2016;17:427-37.

Cooke ME. Prehospital paramedic administration of benzyl penicillin by paramedics in the UK. Australas J Paramed 2005;3:1-6.

Burgess S. Social and environmental influences affecting the risk of development of meningococcal disease: considerations for prehospital care. Australas J Paramed 2006;4:1-10.

Hodkinson M. Understanding the process and treatment of meningitis and meningococcal disease. J Paramed Pract 2013;5:258-63.

Glennie L. Meningococcal septicaemia: identification and management by paramedics. ibid. 2011;3:606-7.

Tippett V, Bonham R. Review of the evidence for prehospital administration of benzyl penicillin in meningococcal septicaemia – experience in Queensland. Australas J Paramed 2005;3:1-10.

Walker T. Pre-hospital paramedic administration of ceftriaxone for suspected meningococcal septicaemia in Victoria, Australia. ibid. 2005;3:1-8.

Valenti P. Pre-hospital assessment and treatment of meningococcal meningitis. J Paramed Pract 2014;6:460-4.

Al-Shaqsi S. Models of international emergency medical service (EMS) systems. Oman Med J 2010;25:320-3.

McArthur A, Klugárová J, Yan H, Florescu S. Innovations in the systematic review of text and opinion. Int J Evid Based Healthc 2015;13:188-95.

Brouwers MC, Kho ME, Browman GP, et al. AGREE II: Advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care. J Clin Epidemiol 2010;63:1308-11.

Aromataris E, Riitano D. Constructing a search strategy and searching for evidence. Am J Nurs 2014;114:49-56.

Cartwright K, Strang J, Gossain S, Begg N. Early treatment of meningococcal disease. BMJ 1992;305:774.

Rethlefsen ML, Farrell AM, Osterhaus LC, Brigham TJ. Librarian co-authors correlated with higher quality reported search strategies in general internal medicine systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol 2015;68:617-26.

Bramer WM, Rethlefsen ML, Kleijnen J, Franco OH. Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: a prospective exploratory study. Syst Rev 2017;6:245.

Haddaway NR, Collins AM, Coughlin D, Kirk S. The role of google scholar in evidence reviews and its applicability to grey literature searching. PLoS One 2015;10:1-17.

Aromataris E, Pearson A. The systematic review: an overview. Am J Nurs 2014;114:53-8.

Baudard M, Yavchitz A, Ravaud P, Perrodeau E, Boutron I. Impact of searching clinical trial registries in systematic reviews of pharmaceutical treatments: methodological systematic review and reanalysis of meta-analyses. BMJ 2017;356:j448.

Armstrong R, Jackson N, Doyle J, Waters E, Howes F. It’s in your hands: the value of handsearching in conducting systematic reviews of public health interventions. J Public Health (Bangkok) 2005;27:388-91.